In this study, infection with F. necrophorum activated the NF-κB signaling pathway, and phosphorylation of IκBα and proteasome-mediated degradation activated NF-κB and promoted its nuclear transport (Yu et al., 2017), resulting in significantly increased phosphorylation levels of IκBα and NF-κB in the skin explants. Here, NFKB1 is linked to infection.