PARP1 and cancer: The following directions specific to PARP inhibitors are worthy of further exploration: (1) exploring potential response biomarkers to PARP inhibitor treatment to determine the precise indicative population; (2) selecting different PARP inhibitors in combination therapies may have different resistance mechanisms and further exploration to overcome resistance is needed; (3) novel hormonal therapy is very effective in both mHSPC and mCRPC, and adding PARP inhibitors may further improve the cancer prognosis; (4) translating preclinical results into clinical applications should be focused.