TIMP1 and hydrops fetalis: In a study of the effect of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) combined with the dipeptide kinase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on a rat model of HF(Shimozato et al., 2019), the combined use of the two can inhibit the formation of HF and the proliferation of hepatocytes and directly inhibit activated HSCs, significantly reduce the gene expression of TIMP-1 and increase the expression of MMP-2, while TIMP-1 and MMP-2 changes in expression can affect the balance of ECM components, making ECM production less than degradation, and inhibit the progression of HF to a certain extent.