IFIH1 and dermatomyositis: The activation of type I IFN signaling in JDM blood and target tissues has been reported in many previous studies (Wenzel et al., 2006; Baechler et al., 2007; Bilgic et al., 2009; Baechler et al., 2011; Wong et al., 2012; Neely et al., 2019; Soponkanaporn et al., 2019; Neely et al., 2022), and has been identified as a predominant feature in MDA5+ DM patients that is related to endothelial injury (Funauchi et al., 2006; He et al., 2021), vasculopathy (Ono et al., 2019; Cassius et al., 2020), and lung injury (Nakano et al., 2012; Takada et al., 2015; Ye et al., 2022).