SNCA and Parkinson disease: In Parkinson’s disease and synucleinopathies, a-synuclein containing Lewy bodies and neuronal cell loss in the LC9,15 may affect NA synthesis16 and precede degeneration to the substantia nigra.1,17,18 A number of different clinical features related to noradrenergic dysfunction have been observed in Parkinson’s disease,19 particularly non-motor symptoms20 that may precede motor symptomatology and become more prevalent with disease progression.21