Our findings provided initial evidence that RORα mediated the cardioprotection of melatonin against fetal sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, partly by regulating the balance of oxidant and antioxidant signals, including increased Nrf2, SOD1, and MnSOD/SOD2, as well as decreased NOX2/4 and lipid peroxidation. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is cardiomyopathy.