In late-stage AD and MS alternative cellular stress-associated pathways were upregulated including transcriptional regulators of the ER stress response (XBP1) and their target genes involved in protein folding and transport (HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSP90AA1) and glycosylation (ST6GAL1 and ST6GALNAC3), as well as regulators of autophagy and proteostasis (ATG7, MARCH1, USP53). The gene discussed is XBP1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.