FTO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Genetic risk for obesity, measured by an additive model of the FTO rs9939609 genotype, demonstrated a significant interaction with discriminability (d’) for high- versus low-calorie food images (interaction: β = 0.58; t = 2.20; p < 0.05), particularly when high-calorie images were the distractor (3-way interaction: β = 0.87; t = 2.36; p < 0.02) (Fig. 5A).