In the present study we showed that the rs702365 [C] allele altered the transcriptional activity, which subsequently decreased ALOX5 expression, leading to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and cell death after CT/RT treatment; however, the rs702365 [C] allele also inhibits the inflammatory response and proliferation of colon cancer cells, thereby having a protective role. This evidence concerns the gene ALOX5 and colonic neoplasm.