Interestingly, treatment of mice with anti-IL-6 receptor blocking antibodies before, during and after inoculation of IL-6 Tg-PbANKA/LISP2 SPZ (Supplementary Figure S1A), was not sufficient to reverse the developmental defect of transgenic parasites neither in terms of parasitemia (Supplementary Figure S1B) nor survival (Supplementary Figure S1C), suggesting that IL-6 produced by transgenic parasites very likely exerts its signaling effects intracellularly in infected hepatocytes. Here, IL6 is linked to parasitic infectious disease.