We also evaluated the levels of four proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IFN-γ) in THP-1 macrophages preincubated with chloroquine (20 μM) or rapamycin (5 μM), followed by infection with Mel+ or Mel˗ S. globosa conidia to activate autophagy. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and infection.