CTLA4 and melanoma: According to the latest clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of melanoma from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), antibodies against programmed death-1 (anti-PD1) alone or in combination with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA4) antibodies are considered first-line treatment for unresectable stage III and IV melanoma patients [6–9].