In patients with sepsis, the intestinal barrier is damaged, intestinal permeability is increased, and bacterial cell wall components (e.g. lipopolysaccharide) can stimulate nociceptive receptors located in the lamina propria of the intestine and induce increased synthesis and release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), substance P, neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP and other neuropeptides. Here, VIP is linked to Sepsis.