It has been reported that there is a significant difference between CRSsNP and CRSwNP in terms of TGF-β levels, with higher levels detected in CRSsNP along with thicker collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix, leading to excessive tissue repair as well as the formation of fibrosis. Here, TGFB1 is linked to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.