To assess the proportion of bacteria in the necrotrophic state during the late stages of infection in insect larvae, we monitored this state for 14 dpi using a transcriptional fusion between the promoter of nprA, an NprR-regulated gene (20), and the reporter gene gfpBteAAV, encoding an unstable green fluorescent protein (GFP) (18). Here, NPR1 is linked to infection.