Data from cBioPortal, which has been opened as a platform for analyzing gene mutations in actual human tumor samples, shows that DND1 has a mutation rate of 0.84% in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs)41, while MC4R has a mutation rate of 2.01% (cbioportal.org, last accessed on 2 Mar 2023)42,43. Here, DND1 is linked to neoplasm.