Considering the effects of SEMA5A in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, neuronal and vascular development, we can speculate that the reduced expression of SEMA5A may involve not only in the progression of diabetic microvascular complications such as DKD, but also in other diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy and cognitive dysfunction. The gene discussed is SEMA5A; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.