The immunosuppressive activity of IgA+ plasma cells is IL-10 and PD-L1 dependent, and either PD-L1 or IL-10 blockade, or ablation, restore anti-HCC immunity to high fat diet (HFD)-fed MUP-uPA mice (19), which develop NASH and robustly progress to HCC (17, 18). The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.