PPARA and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: More specifically, it has been documented that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains alleviated obesity in mice by activating the PPARα/CPT1α pathway, downregulating SREBP-1 and tDGAT1 mRNA expression levels or by increasing the expression of bile secretion-related genes cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7α1) (21).