It has been shown that stimulation of the dura mater of C57BL/6 mice with inflammatory soup leading to migraine attacks can initiate a programmed cell death pathway that activates total caspase-1 and converts it to active cleaved caspase-1, which cleaves and activates total caspase-3 into cleaved caspase-3 to induce apoptosis (Wang et al., 2022). Here, CASP3 is linked to migraine disorder.