Another platform used to study autophagy in depression-like conditions in vitro involves the evaluation of KFBP51, a regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor using HEK293 cells, mouse embryonic cells, primary neurons, and astrocytes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects and patients with depression under antidepressant treatment (Gassen et al., 2014). Here, NR3C1 is linked to major depressive disorder.