APP and Alzheimer disease: A key molecular player in AD is PS1, a protein involved in the cleavage of APP, as the presence of mutant forms of PS1 not only disrupts APP catalysis but also interrupts the macroautophagy process at different stages (e.g., autophagosome-lysosome function) (Guo et al., 2018; Bar-Yosef et al., 2019).