On the other hand, IL-6 and TGF-β can induce the expression of CD39 and CD73 in helper T17 cells (Th17), stimulate the production of adenosine, inhibit the transformation of naive T cells into Th (40), along with reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (41), which can be charactered as immune deficiency. Here, NT5E is linked to Immunodeficiency.