Collectively, these observations suggest that MRTF-A might play cell type-dependent roles in regulating renal injury and fibrosis: in acute phases, MRTF-A in immune cell lineages likely contributes to renal injury by promoting immune cell trafficking and ROS production; in late/repair phases, MRTF-A in myofibroblast lineages possibly contributes to renal fibrosis by promoting FMyT. The gene discussed is MRTFA; the disease is renal fibrosis.