The median PCT of 0.05 (0.03–0.13) ng/ml in patients with no infection was significantly lower than that in patients with bacterial infection (0.35 (0.10–0.55) ng/ml) and bacterial and fungal coinfection (0.38 (0.20–3.12) ng/ml) but was not significantly different in patients infected with HBV (0.06 (0.03–0.37) ng/ml) (Table 1 and Figure 1(c)). Here, CALCA is linked to bacterial infectious disease.