NCI and non-NCI groups were similar in age (median 56 and 52 years, respectively), gender (67% and 92% male), race (33% and 54% white), duration of HIV infection (median 17 and 19 years) and CD4 counts (median 283 and 309 cells/μL), but NCI individuals had lower neurocognitive T-scores than non-NCI individuals (median 38 vs. 49, p = 0.0002) (Table 1). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is HIV infectious disease.