Reduction of oxidative stress, inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and angiogenic growth factor (VEGF) are some of the mechanisms whereby MEL exerts its neuroprotective effect against retinal injury and neuronal damage associated to several chronic and degenerative ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and glaucoma [6,7]. Here, TNF is linked to age-related macular degeneration.