INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: There are several antidiabetic medications currently available for T2D, including metformin, sulfonylureas, glinides, DPP-4 inhibitors (DDP-4i), Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras), SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and insulin.