TNF and neoplasm: IL17A usually indirectly shapes immune suppression and helps tumor cell proliferation during the early stages of cancer by upregulating phosphorylated ERK1/2, angiogenesis and self-renewal [10,11,12], but also shows clinical relevance in anti-tumor immunity since IL17-secreting cells also co-secrete anti-tumor factors, such as IFN-γ and TNF [9,13,14].