CFTR and lung disorder: Since current evidence suggests that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators are unable to eradicate pathogens in patients with established lung disease, and it is unknown whether treatment with CFTR modulators can restore dysfunctional anti-viral responses [174], further evaluation of heparin and heparin derivatives as novel inhaled therapies to reduce infection and inflammation is warranted.