TNF and infection: The colonic cytokine contents were analyzed, and it was detected that CR infection promoted the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A (Figure 4a–d) (p < 0.01), as well as the anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 (p > 0.05) and IL-10 (p < 0.01) (Figure 4e,f).