GIP and type 1 diabetes mellitus: While research on the effects of dietary protein intake on exercise-related glycemia among people with T1D is relatively scarce, a recent laboratory-based pilot study found that a protein bolus of 50 g following moderate-intensity exercise caused elevated glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) levels overnight compared to water following exercise, which collectively led to reduced glucose infusion requirements to maintain euglycemia [30].