IL2 and neoplasm: A. muciniphila was found to be enriched in the vancomycin-treated group and associated with a better outcome; according to the authors, Akkermansia could preserve the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy by modulating the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, which influence the expression of immune-related cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in the tumor microenvironment [87].