Hesperidin improves experiments on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis through suppression of Smad3/MPK/ TGF-beta1 and NF-kB pathways, according to research by Zheng Zhou et al. When bleomycin (BLM) was administered intraperitoneally to Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, pulmonary fibrosis was induced. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and pulmonary fibrosis.