CD4 and lymphedema: Gene expression analysis conducted by qPCR confirmed most of these findings, indicating significantly increased CD45 expression (C = 1 ± 0.2219, L = 1.493 ± 0.4333, LE = 2.183 ± 1.814, H = 1.150 ± 0.6179) and CD4 expression (C = 1.006 ± 0.3018, L = 1.043 ± 0.3087, LE = 1.475 ± 0.7126, H = 0.8663 ± 0.2933) in secondary lymphedema compared to control tissue.