INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: This study found that specific miRNAs (miR-9, miR-29a, miR30d, miR-34a, miR124a, miR146a, and miR-375 are involved in insulin metabolism and pathogenesis in T2DM [59]; these miRNAs were potentially reliable disease-specific markers as they only changed in T2DM patients and did not change drastically in pre-T2DM [59].