HPSE and neoplasm: Producing various angiogenic factors, proteases, heparanase, digestive enzymes, and chemotactic and stimulatory factors, tumour cells exert a direct effect on capillary endothelial cells, induce the assembly of activated immune cells, and trigger the activity of stromal cells; thus, they create a pro-angiogenic niche in the tumour microenvironment [2,6].