From the clinical perspective, there is emerging early-phase data that indicate that the combination of a PARP inhibitor and anti-PD-1 therapy may have some efficacy for chemotherapy-refractory advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, with an objective radiologic response rate of 18% and disease control rate of 65% [124] and 6-month and 12-month progression-free-survival probabilities of 31% and 12%, respectively. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.