VCAM1 and endothelial dysfunction: In turn, this latter induces the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules, such as Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin, which participate in the recruitment of monocytes to the endothelial surface, playing a key role in the onset of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, as well as in the progression of diabetic vascular complications [50,51].