CD28 and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: CD28, a component of the immune system that is involved in T-cell activation, induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival, was used in several animal and in vitro studies to show that CD28-deficient mice develop experimental autoimmune meningitis [53] or that the blockade of CD28 improves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [54].