MemophenolTM administration also lowered tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Figure 4E), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (Figure 4F), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Figure 4G) levels, which were elevated in the AD group due to the activity of the NF-κB pathway. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.