Interestingly, hyperglycemia often alters the activity of critical proteins involved in antioxidant defense, such as superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidases (GPX), and catalase (CAT) which are found to corelate with clinical parameters such as glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) and oxidative stress biomarkers 8-OHdG in diabetic patients [91,92,93,94]. The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is Hyperglycemia.