1. Phagocytic XO4+ microglia in AD may have detrimental or beneficial roles. 2. The targeted conversion between XO4− and XO4+ microglia and its key transcriptional network may be a potential intervention.3. HIF1α potentially regulates synaptosome phagocytosis in vitro in primary human microglia. Here, HIF1A is linked to Alzheimer disease.