CD8A and neoplasm: As shown in Fig. 7, IL-1β resulted in a significant increase in the number of PMN-MDSCs (17.62 ± 5.56 vs. 4.64 ± 0.84, P < 0.0001) and M-MDSCs (5.61 ± 1.35 vs. 1.26 ± 0.33, P < 0.0001) in the TME, decreased the proportion of CD8+ T cells (2.94 ± 1.17 vs. 4.35 ± 1.37, P < 0.01) in the tumor tissues of mice, and enhanced immunosuppression.