Research has shown that such patients with well controlled HIV who develop KS show an increase in frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with an immunosenescent phenotype (CD57+ and CD28−) and are therefore susceptible to the same process of immunosenescence with ageing that contributes to KS in classic/non-immunocompromised KS patients [26]. The gene discussed is CD28; the disease is Kaposi's sarcoma.