Cesarean delivery has been associated with modest increased risk of obesity38,39,40,41,42,74 and diabetes,37,42 both of which are factors associated with early-onset CRC.5,8,9,12 Recent evidence suggested that adolescents born by cesarean delivery had significantly lower levels of adiponectin and higher levels of insulin resistance compared with adolescents born by vaginal delivery,75 further supporting the possibility that cesarean delivery may be associated with higher subsequent risk of early-onset CRC. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is diabetes mellitus.