The number of men, PCa cases and PCa deaths was up to 66,668, 3940 and 473 for plasma glucose and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and up to 3898, 586 and 102 for plasma insulin, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and leptin.<h4>Results</h4>Higher HbA1c was related to a lower risk of non-aggressive PCa but no significant associations were found for insulin resistance markers with the risk of aggressive or total PCa. Here, LEP is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.