TP53 and neoplasm: Mutations in p53 generally promote a dominant-negative (DN) effect: when a mutation in one allele of the TP53 gene occurs, it leads to the formation of a tetramer containing both versions of the protein, mutant (mutp53) and wild-type (WTp53), thus preventing its interaction with DNA and blocking its tumor suppressive role in transcriptional regulation, which, in turn, severely hinders the cell’s ability to control its growth and proliferation, leading to tumorigenesis (Morgunkova et al., 2003; Stein et al., 2020; Gerasimavicius et al., 2022).