Among them, the top-ranked immunogenic neoepitopes were potential targets for cancer immunotherapy, including MSS51H359_S3:AAFHPGFHM, KRASG12D:GADGVGKSAL, TP53R158L:STPPPGTRVL and EML4-ALK:LAFSGIMIV identified in lung cancer (Fig. 1B); PIP5K1CL302Rfs*81: RSGTAWSW, BRAFV600M:IGDFGLATM, BNC2-C9orf92:GPTPPPHSL and CLTC-VMP1:RAKLAVQKL in melanoma (Fig. 1B). Here, VMP1 is linked to lung cancer.