Moreover, the culture supernatant of C. butyricum and NaB induced cell apoptosis by suppressing Wnt/beta-catenin and increased the expression levels of GPR43 and GPR109A in the HCT 116 cell line, as determined via an analysis of GPR 43 and GPR 109A expression in CRC tissue compared to that in normal colonic tissue [23]. Here, FFAR2 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.