Those shared DEGs identified in IPF-FB samples mainly indicated invasive signatures in fibrotic diseases (GPNMB, TENM3) (Palisoc et al. 2022; Athwal et al. 2018; Murakami et al. 2010), cell focal adhesion (LIMS1) (Sandfort et al. 2010; Stanchi et al. 2009), cell cycle (MDGA1) (Lu et al. 2008), and angiogenesis (SPHK1) (Wang et al. 2021) (Fig. 2G, H). This evidence concerns the gene GPNMB and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.